By the end of this course the student will be able to:

• Understanding of basic processes of magma which take place in the upper mantle and in the crust of Earth.
• Consolidation of basic mineralopetrographic meanings.
• Familiarization of students about different classification methods of igneous rocks.
• Ability of macroscopic description and identification of Petrogenetic minerals.
• Ability of microscopic description and identiufication of igneous rocks according to Streckeisen
• Connection between theoretical knowledge with practical applications of rocks, for their use as industrial minerals and rocks.
• Ability to present the knowledge of igneous rocks to scientific audience.

• Searching, analysis and synthesis of facts and information, as well as using the necessary technologies
• Autonomous (Independent) work
• Group work

Ι. Theory (50%  of total rate)

Final Examination: Written examination of graded difficulty (multiple choice, short growth questions, development questions, exercises)

ΙΙ. Laboratory (50% of total rate)

• Laboratory study of thin sections and rocks (25% of total rate)
• Oral examination : Macroscopical identification of minerals and rocks (25%)

• Hatzipanagiotou,Κ.G. (1985):Petrography Ι.University of Patras.
• Raymond,L.A. (1997): Petrology. The study of Igneous Sedimentary Metamorhic Rocks. The MCGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2460 Kerper Blvd. Dubuque, IA 52001.

During this course the student acquires basic knowledge in Seismology, after successful completion the student will:

• Know the basic principles of Seismology
• Solve, simple problems related to Seismology, e.g. earthquake location, travel times, earthquake magnitude etc

Knowledge

The course aims to provide knowledge related to the structure of the Earth, the generation and propagation of seismic waves, the characteristics of seismicity in time and space, the seismic source, the seismic instruments and the seismotectonics of Greece.

Abilities

• Ability to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of essential facts, concepts, principles and theories relating to earthquake generation, wave propagation, source properties, seismotectonics
• Ability to apply such knowledge and understanding to the solution of qualitative and quantitative problems
• Ability to adopt and apply methodology to the solution of unfamiliar problems.
• Ability to apply basic seismological principles in problems related with this subject
• Ability to solve simple seismological problems, using seismological software
• Ability to work in a team

By the end of this course the student will, furthermore, have developed the following skills (general abilities):

1. Ability to apply acquired knowledge and understanding to the solution of problems
2. Ability to interact with others in problem solving as a team

1. Introduction, history and general overview of seismology
2. Principles of elasticity, stress strain, elastic moduli. Basic principles of wave propagation theory.
3. Theory of oscillations, wave equation
4. Stress and Strain
5. Seismic waves, types, wave propagation and the structure of the Earth
6. Seismometry, types of seismometers, modern seismographs, analog digital conversion, seismic networks
7. Causes, occurrence and properties of earthquakes.
8. Earthquake location and magnitude, seismic scales.
9. Seismology of Greece, seismotectonics of Greece and adjacent areas
10. Seismic moment, focal mechanism, rupture models
11. Earthquake prediction, seismic sequences
12. Seismographs and interpretation of earthquake records

The assessment is done in the following way:

Written examination after the end of the semester which includes

• Theory based questions
• Assessment questions
• Problem solving questions

1. Lecture notes (eclass)
2. Tselentis Akis, Modern Seismology, Pub. Papasotiriou, 1997.
3. Papazachos B, Karakaisis G., Chatzidimitriou P., Introduction to Seismology, Pub. Ziti, 2005
4. Stein, Seth, Wysession, Michael, An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes and Earth Structure 1st edition, Blackwell, 2002
5. Shearer M. Peter, Introduction to Seismology, Cambridge Univ. Press

This is a basic module for the disciplines of Stratigraphy and Historical Geology, providing information on the use of the main stratigraphic methods and the evolution of earth through geological time. 

Upon successful completion of this course the students will be able to:

1. Understand, implement and discuss the principles of Stratigraphy.
2. Apply the principles of stratigraphy in geological studies.
3. Apply stratigraphic methods such as lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy etc. for the solution of stratigraphic problems.
4. Become familiar with the main stratigraphic units, used in the main stratigraphic methods and mainly the chronostratigraphic and geochronologic ones.
5. Obtain basic knowledge of depositional environments, lithofacies and biofacies.
6. Obtain basic knowledge on the main geological events that occurred and stigmatised the history of the earth from the Precambrian until today.

Generally, by the end of this course the student will, furthermore, have developed the following general abilities:

1. Search, analyze and synthesize data and information, using the necessary technologies.
2. Adapting to new situations.
3. Working in a multidisciplinary environment
4. Working in an international environment.
5. Independent work.
6. Group work.
7. Generating new research ideas.
8. Respecting the environment.
9. Criticism and self-criticism.
10. Promoting free and creative thinking. 

1. Principles of Stratigraphy – Sedimentary rocks and bedding – Types of bedding – Discontinuities – Unconformities – Hiatuses – Stratigraphic sections
2. Stratigraphic methods – Lithostratigraphy – Biostratigraphy – Chronostratigraphy – Geochronology – Radiometric dating  – Magnetostratigraphy – Chemostratigraphy
3. Facies Analyses – Depositional environments – Stratigraphic correlation
4. History of the earth from the Precambrian till the Quaternary - Stratigraphic distributions, rocks, organisms, extinctions, palaeogeography, palaeobiogeography, palaeoecology, palaeoclimatology, orogenies, with special reference to the respective formations of the  Greek Penninsula.  

Ι) Oral final examination. The mark consists 50% of the final grade.

 The examination will include:

- Short answered questions.

- Short essays of combined approach.

ΙΙ. Written reports following the completion of each laboratory practical. The mean mark of the reports consists the other 50% of the final grade.

Minimum passing grade:  5.

Final Course Grade (FCG)

FCG = ( Oral exam + practical reports ) / 2

Suggested bibliography:

1. Miall, A.D., 2015, Stratigraphy: A Modern Synthesis, Springer
2. Brookfield, M.E., 2004, Principles of Stratigraphy, Willey
3. Levin, H., 2013, The Earth through time, Wiley
4. Wicander, R., Monroe, J.,S., 2010, Historical geology: evolution of earth and life through time, Brooks/Cole
5. Notes of lecturers in English.

Upon successful completion of this course , the students will be able to:

• Define, explain and summarize the basic sedimentary processes and depositional environments
• Understand the formation processes and the main types of sediments and sedimentary rocks.
• Describe and analyze the main sedimentary structures as well as grain size and particle morphology of clastic sedimentary rocks  

Theory

• Introduction to Sedimentology and stratigraphy
• Clastic and Non- Clastic (chemical and biochemical sedimentation) sedimentary rocks, sandstone, claystone siltstone, conglomarates – Carbonates, evaporites etc  
• Processes of transport and sedimentary structures
• Sedimentary depositional environments (alluvial fans, river, deltas ,lakes and lagoons, marine)
• Sedimentary facies and depositional environments analysis
• Borehole stratigraphy and sedimentology

Laboratory

• Grain size distribution and statistical parameters, ternary diagrams
• Palaeocurrents indices and their interpretation (rose diagrams)
• Roundness, spherisity and shape characteristics of grains
• Borehole sedimentology – Log profile (SedLog software)
• Data analysis and Statistical analysis
• Packing proximity
• Facies correlation (fence diagrams, facies maps etc)

• In classroom and in laboratory (face-to-face) and in the field, as well as preparation of field work reports
• Laboratory groups of 30-35 students

• Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) (power point) in teaching
• Support of Learning Process and Dissemination of educational material through the University of Patras e_class  platform

Final Exam, written, of increasing difficulty, which may include Multiple choice test, Questions of brief answer, Questions to develop a topic, Judgment questions and Exercise solving.

Students are obliged to attend all scheduled laboratory classes and to deliver all the laboratory exercises, during the semester in order to be able to participate to the final exams.

Marking Scale: 0-10.

Minimum Passing Mark: 5.

Students are obliged to attend all laboratory class and to deliver the results of all exercises.

Suggested bibliography mainly in Greek:

1. Σημειώσεις Μαθήματος Θεωρίας και Εργαστηρίου που παρέχονται σε pdf μέσω e-class.
2. Ιζηματολογία, Ψιλοβίκος Εκδόσεις Τζιόλα 358 σελ, Παρέχεται μέσω ΕΥΔΟΞΟΣ
3. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy, G. Nichols, 355 σελ. Blackwell publ.

- Related academic journals:

• Sedimentology
• Basin Research
• Quaternary International